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Free Math & Science Textbooks

Open-access textbooks, visual explanations, and interactive tools for mathematics, physics, chemistry, and biology. From high school level to graduate research — learn at your own pace for free.

An introduction to mathematical proof writing for undergraduates. Covers logic, sets, functions, relations, cardinality, and proof techniques. CC BY-ND licensed, free PDF from the author.

Virginia Commonwealth University380 pagesmathproofslogicundergraduatePDFfreeproof techniquesset theorymathematical inductiondiscrete math

A popular undergraduate linear algebra textbook that takes a determinant-free approach. Emphasizes vector spaces and linear maps. Free to read online from Springer Open Access.

Springer Open390 pageslinear-algebramathvector-spacesuniversityfreeSheldon Axlereigenvaluesinner productlinear mapPDF

Richard Feynman's legendary physics lectures from Caltech, freely available online. Three volumes covering mechanics, electromagnetism, and quantum mechanics. Perhaps the best physics teaching ever recorded.

Caltechphysicsquantum-mechanicsFeynmanuniversityfreeRichard FeynmanelectromagnetismmechanicsCaltechNobel laureate

Comprehensive introductory biology textbook from OpenStax. Covers cell biology, genetics, evolution, ecology, and human physiology. Peer-reviewed, CC BY licensed. Free PDF download.

OpenStax (Rice University)1400 pagesbiologygeneticsecologyuniversityPDFfreedownloadcell biologyevolutionanatomymicrobiologyfree biology textbook

A textbook by Deisenroth, Faisal, and Ong covering the math behind ML: linear algebra, calculus, probability, optimization, and their applications to regression, PCA, and density estimation. Free PDF.

Cambridge University Press398 pagesmathmachine-learninglinear-algebraprobabilityPDFfreematrix calculusoptimizationBayesian inferencedimensionality reductiondownload

Visual, intuitive explanations of linear algebra concepts by Grant Sanderson. Covers vectors, matrices, determinants, eigenvalues, and abstract vector spaces through beautiful animations.

3Blue1Brownvisualizationlinear-algebramathintuitivefreeinteractive tutorialeigenvalue visualizationmatrix multiplication3D mathPDF