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Free Math & Science Textbooks

Open-access textbooks, visual explanations, and interactive tools for mathematics, physics, chemistry, and biology. From high school level to graduate research — learn at your own pace for free.

Book of Proof — Richard Hammack

CC BY-NC-ND

An introduction to mathematical proof writing for undergraduates. Covers logic, sets, functions, relations, cardinality, and proof techniques. CC BY-ND licensed, free PDF from the author.

Virginia Commonwealth University380 pagesmathproofslogicundergraduatePDFfreeproof techniquesset theorymathematical inductiondiscrete math

Linear Algebra Done Right — Sheldon Axler

CC BY-NC

A popular undergraduate linear algebra textbook that takes a determinant-free approach. Emphasizes vector spaces and linear maps. Free to read online from Springer Open Access.

Springer Open390 pageslinear-algebramathvector-spacesuniversityfreeSheldon Axlereigenvaluesinner productlinear mapPDF

The Feynman Lectures on Physics

Free

Richard Feynman's legendary physics lectures from Caltech, freely available online. Three volumes covering mechanics, electromagnetism, and quantum mechanics. Perhaps the best physics teaching ever recorded.

Caltechphysicsquantum-mechanicsFeynmanuniversityfreeRichard FeynmanelectromagnetismmechanicsCaltechNobel laureate

Biology 2e — OpenStax

CC BY

Comprehensive introductory biology textbook from OpenStax. Covers cell biology, genetics, evolution, ecology, and human physiology. Peer-reviewed, CC BY licensed. Free PDF download.

OpenStax (Rice University)1400 pagesbiologygeneticsecologyuniversityPDFfreedownloadcell biologyevolutionanatomymicrobiologyfree biology textbook

Mathematics for Machine Learning

Free

A textbook by Deisenroth, Faisal, and Ong covering the math behind ML: linear algebra, calculus, probability, optimization, and their applications to regression, PCA, and density estimation. Free PDF.

Cambridge University Press398 pagesmathmachine-learninglinear-algebraprobabilityPDFfreematrix calculusoptimizationBayesian inferencedimensionality reductiondownload

3Blue1Brown — Essence of Linear Algebra

Free

Visual, intuitive explanations of linear algebra concepts by Grant Sanderson. Covers vectors, matrices, determinants, eigenvalues, and abstract vector spaces through beautiful animations.

3Blue1Brownvisualizationlinear-algebramathintuitivefreeinteractive tutorialeigenvalue visualizationmatrix multiplication3D mathPDF